--- title: Measuring Web Performance with the RAIL Model description: Measuring Website and web pages Performance with the RAIL Model and optimizing domain with it tools like lighthouse, Chrome Devtool and Web Page Test. image: https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-measuring-performance-with-rail-model.png --- - [![xenonstack-logo](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-logo-new-relase.svg)](https://www.xenonstack.com/) - - Foundry Foundry Unified reasoning foundation enabling seamless orchestration, analytics, infrastructure, and trust across intelligent ecosystems [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-revamp-header-dropdown/our-purpose-line-icon.svg) Akira AI - Reasoning and Agent Orchestration Turn models into collaborative, policy-governed agents that learn and act together](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/akira-ai/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-revamp-header-dropdown/autonomous-operations-icon.svg) ElixirData - Agentic Analytics Intelligence Explainable, decision-centric analytics for measurable business outcomes](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/elixirdata/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-revamp-header-dropdown/digital-immune-system-icon.svg) NexaStack - Agentic Infrastructure Automation Secure, compliant, and high-performance AI deployment across cloud, edge, and on-prem](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/nexastack-unified-inference/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/ai-driven-industries-hr-and-recruitment.svg) MetaSecure - Trust, Compliance, and Defense Continuous assurance with AI-BOMs, risk scoring, and agentic security](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/metasecure/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-revamp-header-dropdown/decision-intelligence-header-icon.svg) Neural AI – Agentic Intelligence & Autonomous Innovation AI agents for intelligent automation and adaptive innovation](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/neural-ai/) ### Reasoning Stack Powers intelligent systems with unified orchestration, adaptive analytics, scalable infrastructure, and built-in trust [See in action ![cta-arrow](https://www.elixirclaw.ai/hubfs/dropdown-assets/cta-arrow.svg)](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-ai/analytics-platform/) ![platfom-image](https://9471087.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/9471087/Imported%20images/build-your-next-intelligent-workflows-banner-image.svg) - AI Agents AI Agents Pre-built autonomous agents designed for domain-specific intelligence, seamless integrations, and governed enterprise deployment By Domain [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/adaptive-ai-enterprise-operational-analytics.svg) Agentic Operations AgentSRE and AgentOps for automated reliability and IT operations](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-operations/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/industries-fintech.svg) Agentic Finance FinOps Agent and Budget Enforcer for optimized financial governance](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-finance/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/case-study-icon.svg) Agentic Risk and Compliance Audit Agent and Risk Assurance to automate compliance monitoring](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-risk-compliance/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/discover-digital-experience-platform.svg) Agentic Analytics Analyst Agent and Decision Advisor for AI-driven insights and strategy](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-analytics/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-revamp-header-dropdown/developer-experience-icon.svg) Agentic Supply Chain AI-powered advisor for smart sourcing, vendor insights, and strategic procurement](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-procurement/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/discover-serverless-application-development.svg) Agentic Security AI-driven defense delivering proactive threat detection and autonomous security orchestration](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-security/) By Integration [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/decision-intelligence-metaverse.svg) Snowflake AI Agents Pre-built connectors for real-time data intelligence on Snowflake](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/snowflake-ai-agents/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/optimize-cloud-migration.svg) Databricks AI Agents AI agents for automated data workflows and insights on Databricks](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/databricks-ai-agents/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/optimize-application-modernization.svg) ServiceNow AI Agents AI workflows to streamline service, incident, and operations automation](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/servicenow-ai-agents/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/cloud-native-devsecops.svg) Jira/Project Management Agents AI agents for backlog grooming, sprint planning, and real-time project visibility](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/jira-agents-actions/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/discover-digital-experience-platform.svg) SAP AI Agents AI copilots for finance, supply chain, and HR decisions across your SAP landscape](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/sap-agents-actions/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/ai-driven-industries-hr-and-recruitment.svg) Oracle AI Agents AI agents for financials, risk, and operations intelligence across Oracle applications](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/oracle-agents-actions/) - Solutions Solutions Governed AI solutions driving measurable business outcomes across operations, finance, security, and analytics [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/cloud-native-devops.svg) ReliabilityOps — Cloud Reliability Automation Automate reliability checks and optimize uptime with continuous reasoning](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/cloudops-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/cloud-native-kubernetes.svg) IncidentOps — AI-Driven Site Reliability Resolve incidents faster with AI-led triage, contextual RCA, and adaptive recovery](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/sre-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/discover-custom-software-development.svg) PlatformOps — Unified Platform Automation Unify infrastructure and AI systems with reasoning-driven automation and compliance](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/platformops-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/decision-intelligence-customer-analytics.svg) DefenseOps — Autonomous Threat Defense Detect, analyze, and neutralize threats autonomously with adaptive defense intelligence](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/responsible-ai-aviator/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/optimize-business-intelligence.svg) TrustOps — Responsible AI and Continuous Governance Ensure transparency, fairness, and compliance in every AI system and decision](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/secops-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/ai-driven-industries-manufacturing.svg) RiskOps — Predictive Risk Intelligence Predict, score, and mitigate risks proactively with real-time assurance intelligence](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/risk-management-aviator/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/adaptive-ai-explainable-ai.svg) FactoryOps — AI-Driven Industrial Automation Predict equipment failures and optimize production with adaptive intelligence](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/industrial-automation-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/adaptive-ai-enterprise-operational-analytics.svg) AssetOps — Automated Asset Reliability Enable predictive maintenance and optimize lifecycle performance continuously](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/asset-operations-and-maintenance-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/ai-driven-industries-infrastructure%20.svg) QualityOps — Continuous Testing Intelligence Accelerate testing cycles with autonomous validation and reasoning feedback](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/qaops-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/industries-insurance.svg) SourcingOps — Intelligent Procurement Automate sourcing, vendor analysis, and spend insights for agile procurement](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/procurement-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/decision-intelligence-augmented-data-management.svg) DataOps — Autonomous Data Pipeline Governance Ensure reliability, detect anomalies, and self-heal data pipelines automatically](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/dataops-reimagined/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/decision-intelligence-metaverse.svg) DecisionOps — Intelligent Decisioning Deliver explainable, auditable, and measurable outcomes with reasoning AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/desicison-reimagined/) - Industries Industries Industry blueprints showcasing agentic transformation, real-world impact, and measurable outcomes across key sectors [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/adaptive-ai-computer-vision.svg) Aerospace and Defense Autonomous flight systems and predictive maintenance powered by AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/aerospace/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/industries-fintech.svg) Banking - Finance - Payments AI governance for secure, compliant, and adaptive financial operations](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/banking/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/industries-retail.svg) Manufacturing and Industrial Automation Smart factories using reasoning systems for real-time quality optimization](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/digital-manufacturing-services/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/optimize-cloud-infrastrcuture.svg) Enterprise - IT Operations AI-powered IT operations ensuring reliability, scalability, and cost efficiency](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/enterprise-technology/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/xs-scale-clients-and-partners.svg) Consumer – Experience – Tech Personalized digital experiences driven by explainable and trusted AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/consumer-technology/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/discover-platform-engineering.svg) Retail and Supply Chain Autonomous retail analytics enhancing operations, engagement, and forecasting accuracy](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/retail/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/industries-healthcare.svg) Travel – Hospitality – Guest Experience Agentic systems delivering personalized guest journeys with contextual intelligence](https://www.xenonstack.com/industries/travel-hospitality/) - Resources Resources Explore insights, success stories, and learning programs that build knowledge and strengthen the AI transformation journey [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/xs-scale-xenonstack-university.svg) Blogs Stay updated with the latest industry trends, news, and thought leadership](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/insights.svg) Insights Explore in-depth AI articles, use cases, and innovative applications](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/use-case.svg) Use Cases Discover real-world applications of Agentic AI across industries](https://www.xenonstack.com/use-cases) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/scale-cloud-native-applications.svg) Case Studies Learn how organizations are achieving success with our solutions](https://xenonstack.com/case-studies) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/video.svg) Video Library Explore our collection of product demos, webinars, and AI thought leadership videos](https://www.xenonstack.com/videos/) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/ebook.svg) E-Books Download comprehensive e-books on AI, SRE, and more](https://www.xenonstack.com/e-book) [![pointers-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-header-dropdown/presentation.svg) Presentations View our AI presentations, talks, and conference sessions on AI innovation](https://www.xenonstack.com/presentations/) - 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Explore career opportunities to work at the forefront of innovation](https://www.xenonstack.com/careers/) - Book Strategy Call [![xenonstack-logo](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-logo-new-relase.svg)](https://www.xenonstack.com/) - Foundry ![dropdown-icon](https://www.elixirclaw.ai/hubfs/dropdown-assets/dropdown-icon.svg) [Akira AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/akira-ai/) [ElixirData](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/elixirdata/) [NexaStack](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/nexastack-unified-inference/) [MetaSecure](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/metasecure/) [Neural AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/agentic-platforms/neural-ai/) - AI Agents ![dropdown-icon](https://www.elixirclaw.ai/hubfs/dropdown-assets/dropdown-icon.svg) [Agentic Operations](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-operations/) [Agentic Finance](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-finance/) [Agentic Risk and Compliance](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-risk-compliance/) [Agentic Analytics](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-analytics/) [Agentic Supply Chain](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-procurement/) [Agentic Security](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/agentic-security/) [Snowflake AI Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/snowflake-ai-agents/) [Databricks AI Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/databricks-ai-agents/) [ServiceNow AI Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/servicenow-ai-agents/) [Jira/Project Management Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/jira-agents-actions/) [SAP AI Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/sap-agents-actions/) [Oracle AI Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/ai-agents/oracle-agents-actions/) - 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Book Strategy Call ![slider-cross-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/slider-cross-icon.svg) ## Interested in Solving your Challenges with XenonStack Team ## Get Started Get Started with your requirements and primary focus, that will help us to make your solution First Name \* Please enter a valid First Name Last Name \* Please enter a valid Last Name Business Email ID \* Please enter a valid Business Email ID Contact Number \* Please enter a valid Contact Number Company \* Please enter a valid Company Name Industry Belongs To \* Please Select your Industry Banking Fintech Payment Providers Wealth Management Discrete Manufacturing Semiconductor Machinery Manufacturing / Automation Appliances / Electrical / Electronics Elevator Manufacturing Defense & Space Manufacturing Computers & Electronics / Industrial Machinery Motor Vehicle Manufacturing Food and Beverages Distillery & Wines Beverages Shipping Logistics Mobility (EV / Public Transport) Energy & Utilities Hospitality Digital Gaming Platforms SportsTech with AI Public Safety - Explosives Public Safety - Firefighting Public Safety - Surveillance Public Safety - Others Media Platforms City Operations Airlines & Aviation Defense Warfare & Drones Robotics Engineering Drones Manufacturing AI Labs for Colleges AI MSP / Quantum / AGI Institutes Retail Apparel and Fashion Please select all the required fields before proceeding Proceed Next ## Interested in Solving your Challenges with XenonStack ## Personalization Get Started with your requirements and primary focus, that will help us to make your solution ### What is your Key focus areas? \* AI Workflow and Operations Data Management and Operations AI Governance Analytics and Insights Observability Security Operations Risk and Compliance Procurement and Supply Chain Private Cloud AI Vision AI ### In Which Agentic Platform and Accelerator you are Interested? \* Akira AI - Agentic AI Platform Multi Agent System Metasecure - Autonomous SOC Nexastack – Build and Managed Compound AI Stack Data Foundry XAI – Vision and AI Platform – Visual AI Agents Strategy Consulting AI Managed Services Others (Please Specify) ### Which segment does your company belong to? \* Startup Scale Startup SME Mid Enterprises Large Enterprises Federal Government Non Profits Others (Please Specify) ### At what stage is your AI use case currently in? \* Conceptualized: Use case defined, PoC pending POC Completed In Production with challenges Not yet defined Others (Please Specify) ### What are the primary challenges in adopting AI? \* Data Quality Issues Data Privacy and Compliance Aligning AI with business goals Unclear ROI from POCs Integration with existing ERP systems Scalability Challenges Moving POCs in Production Infrastructure Limitation High Implementation costs Others (Please Specify) ### What kind of infrastructure does your organization currently using? \* AWS Microsoft Azure GCP IBM Cloud Oracle Cloud On Premises Others (Please Specify) ### Are you using any Data platform? \* Databricks SnowFlake Amazon Redshift Azure Synapse Analytics Microsoft Fabric Teradata Oracle Database SAP Hana Informatica Google Cloud BigQuery Others (Please Specify) ### Preferred Approach for AI Transformation \* Assisted Intelligence Agents as Co-Pilot Collaborative Intelligence Agents as AI Teammates Autonomous Intelligence Agents – AI Agents Agentic Actions Agentic Process Automation ### In Which Domain your Solution/Organization belongs to in-terms of Data Privacy, Trustworthy AI \* Internal Organization Highly Regulated Industry (Healthcare, Financials etc) Medium Regulated Non Regulated ### Captcha Verification \* captcha text ![Refresh Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/refresh.png?width=20&height=20&name=refresh.png) Please select all the required fields Review Previous Submit ![green-checkmark](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/green-checkmark.svg) ## your request has been submitted successfully ! Our XenonStack Team will shortly reach out to you. We are looking forward to showcase how XenonStack can transform your business. ![usecase-banner (1)](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/usecase-banner%20(1).webp?width=1921&height=622&name=usecase-banner%20(1).webp) [Data Visualization](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/interactive-visualization) # Measuring Web Performance with the RAIL Model [Navdeep Singh Gill](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/author/navdeep-singh-gill) | 10 January 2022 ## Introduction to RAIL Model RAIL is a model that allows us to understand a website's performance and also, after understanding how a website performs, we can implement performance. Enhancement tools like a lighthouse to improve the performance of our site. RAIL stands for: - **Response**- When a user performs any action on-site, the action and reaction should be on proper window time called response. - **Animation**- All things like scrolling dragging come under Animation. - **Idle**- Background process comes under idle time on site. - **Load**- Load is achieved when First Contentful paint is achieved.  > A tool that enables end users, administrators and organizations to gauge and evaluate the performance of a given system. Click to explore about, [Performance Monitoring Tools](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/what-is-performance-monitoring) ### Focus on user perception For improving our performance, we have to focus on user perception or, in simple words, how users react to different times of action on our website. User perception of performance delays. Users are very good at tracking the motions of the site, animations, clickability, etc., and users. I do not like it when animations, clickability, and other aspects are not good. - **0 to 16ms:** When animation displays on-screen are not good, users dislike it. Users are pretty good at detecting the loopholes of our site. They perceive it good when it is 16ms per frame. - **0 to 100ms:** If our site responds to users' actions between this time interval feels good otherwise, users experience is broken. - **100 to 1000ms:** Within this interval of time, it feels user a natural progression of the task. - **1000ms or more:** Beyond 10000ms, users do not take any interest in the site. - 10000ms or more: Beyond 10000ms, it is irritating for the users to remain on site. Users will not come back to the site if they take this experience. ## Why do we use the RAIL Model? Since we know that there are millions of websites on the internet today, what makes a user come to our site and maintain visits is our site's performance.RAIL is the model that allows us to understand the performance of our site. And also Rail Model provides us with various tools that help us improve our site's performance in various aspects. > The main aim or purpose of this testing is to determine and identify any performance-related issues or bottlenecks in the application under test. Click to explore about, [Performance Testing Tools and Its Best Practices](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/what-is-performance-testing) ## What are the components of performance Model in RAIL? The components of performance Model in RAIL are listed below: ### Response The response is the time how immediately our website responds to user actions. Time under 100ms is considered good. If response time is high, the user experience will not be very good, and it is an excellent possibility that users will not come back to our website. We can analyze the site's response time through the RAIL model and improve it through some tools. ### Animations Animation is going on to our website like scrolling, dragging, or something applied to our site, etc. We can analyze what makes our site heavy in animation through the rail model and improve it by passing some audit fixes. The estimated time goal is one frame after 16ms. ### Idle Idle is happening in the background of our website once our website loads. With the RAIL model, we can minimize our idle time, which means that we can minimize the time of the processes running on the background of our application bypassing some failing audits. ### Load Load is when you initially reach into your page or in terms of matrices. It is the first meaningful paint. Whenever our first content is loaded, it is expected to load in less than a second after a user tries to access our website so that a user can appear on our site next time. The rail model helps us minimize the load time, and we can pass some audits that fail while testing our site. > A process to check the system accepts the requirements of a user or not. It's performed at a time when the system used by actual users. Click to explore about, [User Acceptance Testing](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/what-is-user-acceptance-testing) ## What are the goals and guidelines of RAIL Model? In the context of the RAIL model, some specific goals and guidelines let us see what Goals and Guidelines exactly are, let us see all keywords of the RAIL model in the context of goals and guidelines. Let us define the RAIL model in the context of goals and guidelines: ### Response - **Goal:** The goal for response is to complete any action selected by the user in under 100ms. - **Guidelines:** The guideline for response does not respond to the user immediately. We can use this 100ms time to do other tasks in the background but not block users. For those actions that take more than 50ms, please give a message to the user. ### Animation - Goal: The goal of animation is to render each frame in 10ms or less. The aim is visual smoothness. - Guidelines: Guidelines for Animations is do nothing where you can and absolute minimum where you can't. ### Idle - Goal: The goal for idle is to maximize idle time. - Guidelines: Guidelines for idle is to complete tasks under 50ms or less than 50ms. If a user performs any action idle, user action priority should be high and performed first. ### Load - Goal: The goal for load is the first load should be under 5 seconds, and the next subsequent load should be under 2 seconds. - Guidelines: Test performance in different devices and networks which are the same among different users. > Performance tuning improves the price to performance ratio for a system or set of services by reallocating the available computing, network, or storage resources. Click to explore about, [What is performance tuning?](https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/zos/2.4.0?topic=environment-what-is-performance-tuning) ## What are the best Tools to measure performance? The best Tools to measure performance are listed below: ### Lighthouse Lighthouse is a tool that helps us check our website's performance and allows us to improve the performance so that more users can appear on our website. Lighthouse is available in developer tools in google chrome. We give the Lighthouse a url, and it generates audit reports based on that and tells us where what, and how to improve. The following audit reports is mainly relevant:- #### Response - Maximum first input delay:- It is when a user interacts with the site to when browsers respond to the particular selected action in the site. Lighthouse measures Maximum first input delay by calculating the duration of the longest task after the first contentful paint. - Do not use passive listeners to improve scrolling performance. Touch and wheel event listeners help create scrolling functionality but these can also delay scrolling functionality. Lighthouse does the following steps for analyzing that event listeners can affect scrolling functionality. - Select all event listeners present on-page. - Filter non-touch and non wheel event listeners. - Filter listeners that call preventDefault() function. - Filter listeners that are from different hosts. Make event listener Passive. We can make event listeners passive by adding a passive flag to Lighthouse identified listeners. Example :- document. addEventListener(‘touchstart’,{passive: true}); - Total Blocking Time: Total blocking time is the time up to when users are blocked to make an action such as mouse click, scrolling, etc. - Time to interact: Total time till our website becomes fully interactive. #### Load - Do not register a service worker that controls the page and starts the url. Lighthouse check through chrome remote debugging protocol returns a service worker. If it does not return it, then the audit fails. - Page load is not fast enough on mobile networks. Mobile users can get a positive experience if their load speed is good on mobile devices. Lighthouse flags pages that are not working fast on mobile devices. - Eliminate render-blocking resources. Lighthouse flags two types of render-blocking URLs scripts and stylesheets. - Defer offscreen images. Apply lazy loading to the images not included in the first contentful paint. The opportunity section of the Lighthouse tells us about images. - Properly Size Images. We do not have to serve images larger than mobile or desktop viewport because it will consume more bytes in the memory. We can store different versions of images for different viewports, and with the help of media queries, we can decide which image to render in which particular viewport. - Avoid chaining critical requests. Critical requests chains are the series of dependent network requests necessary for page rendering. The greater the length of the chain larger the download size to minimize the download size we have to minimize the chain size. - Does not use HTTP/2 for all of its resources. Using HTTP/2 uses less time and less data moving over the network. Lighthouse filters all resources not using HTTP/2.To pass the audit, use HTTP/2 overall resources. - Efficiently encode images. The optimized images load faster than unoptimized images. Lighthouse collect all the images in our page compress them to 85 and then compare it with the original version of image if the resulting image is greater than or Equal to 4Kib, then lighthouse flags the image as optimizable. > A tool that is especially valuable for assisting in the design of particular mental, physical and professional training programs. Click to explore about, [Performance Profiling Tools and Benefits](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/performance-profiling) ### Chrome Devtool Chrome devtool is a tool that is present in the Google Chrome browser. Chrome devtool is the analysis of everything while our page loads. Below given some chrome dev tools which we can use to improve our performance - Throttle your CPU as a less powerful device to check it for other devices. - Throttle your device to work for slower connections as compared to usual connections. - We should also view to main thread activity, events that occur in the main thread while We were recording. - We should also view the main thread activity in a table to view which activity takes the most time. - Analyze frame per second to measure whether your animation truly runs smoothly or not. - We can use a performance monitor to monitor CPU usage, JS Heap size, etc. - Visualize network requests that occur when we are monitoring network sections. - View interaction to identify what happened when the user interacted with the page. ### Web Page Test webpagetest is a web performance tool that uses a real browser to work with web pages and timing matrices. ## Conclusion Rail is a model that helps us to understand the performance of our website and provide us with tools to improve the performance of our website. Such as Focus on user, Respond to user input in under 100ms, For animations such as scrolling, produce a frame under 10ms, Maximize the idle time of the main thread, the first load should be under 5000ms and the subsequent load under 2000ms. - Read more about [Continuous Load Testing Tools and Features](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/continuous-load-testing/) - Get an Insight About [Go Application Performance Monitoring](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/go-application-monitoring) ## Share Article - [![XenonStack Facebook](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-facebook-service.svg)](http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Twitter](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-twitter-white-updated-icon.svg)](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=I+found+this+interesting+blog+post&url=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Linked In](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-linkedin-service.svg)](http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Email Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-email-service.svg)](mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model%20&body=Check%20out%20https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) ## Table of Contents ## Share Article - [![XenonStack Facebook](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-facebook-service.svg)](http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Twitter](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xs-twitter-white-updated-icon.svg)](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=I+found+this+interesting+blog+post&url=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Linked In](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-linkedin-service.svg)](http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) - [![XenonStack Email Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-email-service.svg)](mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model%20&body=Check%20out%20https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model) ## Explore Related Topics [Decision Intelligence](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/decision-intelligence) [Cloud Native Applications](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/cloud-native-applications) [Generative AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/generative-ai) [Big Data Engineering](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/big-data-engineering) [FinOps](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/finops) [Data Foundry](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/data-foundry) [XAI](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/xai) [Autonomous Agents](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/autonomous-agents) [MetaSecure AI](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/tag/metasecure-ai) ![navdeep-singh-gill](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/navdeep-gill-ceo-xenonstack.svg) ## Navdeep Singh Gill Global CEO and Founder of XenonStack Navdeep Singh Gill is serving as Chief Executive Officer and Product Architect at XenonStack. He holds expertise in building SaaS Platform for Decentralised Big Data management and Governance, AI Marketplace for Operationalising and Scaling. His incredible experience in AI Technologies and Big Data Engineering thrills him to write about different use cases and its approach to solutions. [Explore More by Navdeep Singh Gill ![cta-blue-arrow](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/cta-arrow-blue.svg)](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/author/navdeep-singh-gill) ![Subscribe background](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/blog-post-subscribe.svg) ## Subscribe to our Latest Technology Insights and Resources Subscribe Now ![slider-cross-icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/slider-cross-icon.svg) ## Get the latest articles in your inbox Business Email ID \* Please enter a valid Business Email ID Company Name \* Please enter a valid Company Name Yes, I would like to receive the XenonStack newsletter as well as marketing emails regarding XenonStack products, services, and events. 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Subscribe Now ## Related Articles ![Graph Analytics and Knowledge Graph Use Cases | Quick Guide](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/graph-analytics-use-case.png?width=1200&height=675&name=graph-analytics-use-case.png) ### [Graph Analytics and Knowledge Graph Use Cases | Quick Guide](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/graph-analytics-knowledge-graph) 05 May 2025 ![Top 10 Best Practices for effective Data Vizualization](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/data-visualization-best-practices.png?width=1200&height=675&name=data-visualization-best-practices.png) ### [Top 10 Best Practices for effective Data Vizualization](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/best-practices-data-visualization) 09 February 2026 ![Data Visualization using GPU on Google Cloud](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Imported_Blog_Media/xenonstack-data-visualization-gpu-google-cloud-3-1-1.png?width=1200&height=675&name=xenonstack-data-visualization-gpu-google-cloud-3-1-1.png) ### [Data Visualization using GPU on Google Cloud](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/data-visualization-gpu) 14 March 2022 ![xenonstack-logo](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-new-logo-release.svg) XenonStack Agentic Foundry powers enterprise agentic systems with unified infra, analytics, workflows, and security to drive automation and compliance. 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Your infrastructure evolves into a self-healing environment - ![Diagnostics Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/diagnostic.svg)Automated diagnostics for recurring errors - ![Playbook Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/playbook.svg)Playbook execution: restart services, scale pods, clear queues - ![Feedback Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/feedback.svg)Feedback loop for improving remediation strategies [See in Action](https://agentanalyst.ai/) ![intelligent-diagnostic](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/dataops-reimagined-banner-image.svg) ✕ ## Agentic GRC - Monitoring Risk and Compliance Controls AI continuously checks controls and compliance posture. It detects misconfigurations and risks before they escalate. Evidence collection becomes automatic and audit-ready - ![Controls Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/controls.svg)Continuous control checks across infrastructure and SaaS - ![Audit Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/audit.svg)Automated evidence collection for audits - ![Risk Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/risk.svg)Risk scoring and prioritized remediation recommendations [Explore Agent GRC](https://agentgrc.ai/) ![monitoring-risk-and-compliance](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/enhanced-security-measures.svg) ✕ ## Agentic Finance and Procurement Intelligent Agents Financial and procurement workflows become proactive and insight-driven. Agents monitor spend, vendors, and contracts in real time. Approvals and sourcing decisions become faster and smarter - ![Visibility Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/visibility.svg)Real-time visibility into spend and commitments - ![Anomaly Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/anomaly.svg)Anomaly detection on invoices and vendor performance - ![Workflow Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/workflow.svg)Intelligent workflows for approvals and sourcing decisions [Optimize Finance & Procurement](https://www.xenonify.ai/) ![agentic-finance-and-procurement](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/responsible-ai-aviators-banner-illustration.svg) ```json { "@context" : "https://schema.org", "@type" : "BlogPosting", "author" : { "@type" : "Person", "name" : "Navdeep Singh Gill", "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/author/navdeep-singh-gill" }, "dateModified" : "2022-01-10T21:55:31.243Z", "datePublished" : "2022-01-10T21:01:34.000Z", "headline" : "Measuring Web Performance with the RAIL Model", "image" : [ "https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-measuring-performance-with-rail-model.png" ], "mainEntityOfPage" : { "@id" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model", "@type" : "WebPage" }, "publisher" : { "@type" : "Organization", "logo" : { "@type" : "ImageObject", "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/Xenonstack-Serives%20-3-2-2021-10.png" }, "name" : "Xenonstack Inc" } } ``` ```json { "@context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "Organization", "address" : { "@type" : "PostalAddress", "addressCountry" : "USA", "addressLocality" : "Plano", "addressRegion" : "Texas", "postalCode" : "75024", "streetAddress" : "7700 Windrose Ave. " }, "description" : "XenonStack is the #1 Data and AI foundry and technology services company to simplify and scale Enterprise and Generative AI Journeys.", "email" : "business@xenonstack.com", "logo" : "https://f.hubspotusercontent30.net/hubfs/8161231/Xenonstack-Serives%20-3-2-2021-10.png", "mainEntityOfPage" : { "@id" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model", "@type" : "WebPage", "description" : " Measuring Website and web pages Performance with the RAIL Model and optimizing domain with it tools like lighthouse, Chrome Devtool and Web Page Test." }, "name" : "XenonStack", "sameAs" : [ "https://www.facebook.com/XenonStack", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/xenonstack/", "https://www.youtube.com/c/XenonStackOfficial", "https://twitter.com/xenonstack" ], "telephone" : "", "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/" } ``` ```json { "@context" : "http://schema.org", "@type" : "BlogPosting", "author" : { "@type" : "Person", "name" : "Navdeep Singh Gill" }, "dateModified" : "January 10, 2022, 9:55:31 PM", "datePublished" : "2022-01-10 21:01:34", "description" : " Measuring Website and web pages Performance with the RAIL Model and optimizing domain with it tools like lighthouse, Chrome Devtool and Web Page Test.", "headline" : "Measuring Web Performance with the RAIL Model", "image" : { "@type" : "ImageObject", "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-measuring-performance-with-rail-model.png" }, "mainEntityOfPage" : { "@id" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/measuring-performance-with-rail-model", "@type" : "WebPage" }, "publisher" : { "@type" : "Organization", "logo" : { "@type" : "ImageObject", "url" : "https://f.hubspotusercontent30.net/hubfs/8161231/Xenonstack-Serives%20-3-2-2021-10.png" }, "name" : "XenonStack" } } ```