Quality Assurance vs Quality Control

Introduction to Quality Assurance and Quality Control

In this blog, we cover all the aspect of Quality Assurance and Quality control. In focus would be is something that one looks for while purchasing any product. If the quality of the product will be useful, then the outcome will also be reflected via quality only. In a software field, when user guises for the product regarding quality, then user means it to be the fulfilment of the requirement earlier given by the user. The developer team gives confidence regarding satisfaction from the user’s end that whether the product delivered is according to his requirements or not. Trust helps in a kind of feedback and end-user testing as well. In this blog, we are focus majorly on Software Quality Assurance and Software Quality Control.

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What is Software Quality Assurance (SQA)?

In testing, it is a phase in which a set of activities are performed and ensures the ultimate quality during the software engineering process that provides self-assurance and sureness to the user as well. Its primary focus is on fulfilling the user’s requirements. The main focus within the Management Review is on processing the software rather than the work products. It provides various umbrella activities, and several tasks are included in them as well. Also, the functions of a test manager check whether he is doing the work correctly or not. Audit, regularly checks whether the product is working all according to the information to evaluate whether the customary process can be followed or not.

Need for Software Quality Assurance in Test Management Process

For this, let’s go through the various phases: Software Quality Assurance in test Management process

Well, here two persons perform their tasks one, a Test Manager and the other one SQA Auditor. Test manager takes charge for such jobs and SQA auditor reviews and also keeps up the track onto the project with the help of the review reports. And with the help of the review reports, the Management Board evaluates the project’s handling quality. So because of this, only here comes a need of Management board or SQA.

Implementation of Software Quality Assurance

Develop the Software Quality Assurance (SQA) Plan: As testing activities planned just as that SQA planning is complete. The main motive of the SQA plan is to create a planning procedure by keeping in mind about the exceptional services and quality. Here a test Manager creates SQA plan, and SQA auditing is programmed sporadically. Various tasks are carryout under it:

- Just as identifying the role and responsibilities if SQA team.
- To review and evaluate the quality of the activities of the project.
- To create the list of the work products that SQA auditor will review and audit as well.
- To create the schedule to perform the SQA tasks

Define the standards/methodology: Following steps are being implemented under this phase:

- For preventing the defects within the management process, various policies and procedures need to be defined.
- Prepare the list of Policies and procedures.
- To inform the staff and to train them.

To review the process: In this phase, the main motive is to examine the activities of the particular project to verify the passivity as per the explanation given by the management process. In this SQA members perform 5 SQA reviews as follows:

- Review project planning.
- Review software requirement analysis.
- To review test design.
- To review once before a release.
- To review project closing.

In each SQA phase, the SQA members follow all the organisational protocols and policies by providing the consultancy and regular review of the projects. And after all the three aspects of assurance, the result comes out to be as the Tey Management Review and Audit, and this provides the guarantee to the investors about the management quality.

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What is Software Quality Control (SQC)?

Various organisations use various procedures and protocols to ensure that software products will encounter all its requirements according to the value and goals of the customer. It specifies various non-functional and functional requirements. In this only reviewing and testing, phases occur just as of the Software Development Life Cycle, and the goal comes out to meet all the needs according to the specifications given during the requirement phase.

Activities in Software Quality Control

Various activities include in this:

Reviews: In this phase, one goes through multiple reports:
Requirement review: In this, all the requirements are reviewed to check whether all the elements are satisfied or not.
Design Review: In this, analyse the building phase of the software.
Code Review: Every code is reviewed and tested by using all the testing techniques.
Deployment Plan Review: To plan for the deployment is being reviewed.
Test plan Review: Before testing, create test plans to test every field by performing various testing.
Test cases Review: Before performing testing, create various test cases that are review by creating the best suitable test cases.
Testing: Once the software product goes through all the phases before this one, then it derives through all the aspects of testing. Here come various testing techniques under testing phase:

Unit Testing

The first testing stage, where individually test all the components. Usually, it provides one output on single or few inputs. In Object-Oriented Programming, mostly the smallest unit to test is a method that belongs to any of the base class, derived class or abstract class. Perform by the peers of developers or the developers itself. Various independent software testers may also perform this testing. In this, firstly unit test is planned then test cases are prepared and finally the phase of the unit test comes. The main advantage of unit testing is that it increases the maintenance of code and make it an independent code testing. In this, one needs to insulate the development environment from the testing environment.

Integration Testing

All the individual units are combined and tested within a group. The main motive of this testing is to check interaction within the module as well as with other modules. In component integration testing, complete testing to remove all the defects within the interfaces and further interaction between the integrated modules. Then comes the system integration testing; complete testing to check the system integration and packages. Like unit testing, testing is being done by developers or by the independent testers. Use various approaches in it as top-down, bottom-up, big-bang, sandwich/hybrid approach. The main motive of this testing is to ensure that one has a proper detailed design document that let us know about each interaction between each module. Also ensures the robustness of Software Configuration Management. And it is mandatory each time to do unit testing before integration testing.

System Testing

A phase at which complete integrated software is tested. The main motive of this testing is to check the complete system after each module is evaluated with each other. In this integration, testing is being verified whether all the requirements meet or not. Usually, a black box testing technique is being performed in this phase. Various tasks are performed under it as a system test plan, system test cases, system test. Unlike another testing, it is performed by independent testers.

Acceptance Testing

Finally, the phases from developing to the testing a mode come where the acceptance is being tested, that is what called as acceptance testing. In this with respect to user requirements and the business processes are conducted to check the satisfaction of the user, the authorised unit as well. Just as an example: this test is done as till the ballpoint of the pen, none of the section left untested. Just because it is the end-user testing, black box testing is being along as a user may not be aware of all the components. It can be drive by the testers/users/employees those are not from the same organisation. Because of the above reason, the customer or user acceptance testing is along in it. Mostly it is being thought that SQC is all about testing, but it is a base for QC (quick check) as well. SQC is seen many times by Software quality assurance.

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Difference between Software Quality Assurance and Software Quality Control?

Sl. No.	Software Quality Assurance	Software Quality Control
1	It provides the assurance that no compromise will be done with the quality.	It focuses on giving quality requests to the end-user
2	It manages quality.	It verifies the quality.
3	In this, the program is not executed.	In this, the execution of the program is included.
4	It acts as a decision-making tool.	It acts as a remedial tool.
5	Its main aim is to prevent defects.	Its main aim is to identify and remove the defects.
6	It is a process-oriented and preventive technique.	It is a product-oriented and corrective technique.
7	The main responsibility of this technique is the full software development life cycle.	Its responsibility is the software testing life cycle
8	It is a verification technique.	It is a validation technique.
9	It is a technique for creating or controlling the product’s issues.	It is a technique responsible for reactive dealings.

Summing up

Quality Assurance & Quality Control both are different from each other and are part of the quality management process. They should not be used interchangeably or misunderstood. This blog aimed at pointing out all the differences to avoid any confusions. It is process focused and preventive technique. while Quality Control is product-focused and corrective technique.